types of kidney diseases pdf

Most kidney diseases attack the nephron filters in the kidneys, and the damage can be such as to leave both kidneys unable to remove wastes and toxins. %PDF-1.4 %�� (If you’re interested in a basic introduction to the kidneys instead, please click here.). When this occurs, medications must be taken daily in order to reduce the chances of the patient's body rejecting the transplanted organ. Kidney damage refers to a broad range of abnormalities observed during clinical assessment, which may be insensitive and non-speciﬁc for the cause of disease but may precede reduction in kidney function (Table 2). xref H�d�ώ� �� 2��ϱ�V�Z��o�HB֨��U޾�'��^��&��U�a�yQ�5�v+��b��7� )sɭ�x��쬟{�\� ws��l�,Zn덐U��sY�v�۩? Diabetes 2. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) arises when one or both of the following conditions are present:. ��HW~�X��+��7��L�,�Zg��ȁ�H��y�bJ� H�lT�n�0��d ")Q�@zɡ�@@I�M��)��w��$(`��zwvgf��Ӯ��K�4ˊ�Շ]�J�JV�v/|�S��ɳ�g��BW��5�W!e��c�w��e��Fu��A�,-��Hd��g��HI��;@ ��C{�g��K�Ш��Ju�ćm]�]N"Q��=Wί-;6�Y�. The main job of the kidneys is to filter wastes and extra water out of your blood to make urine. They affect the glomerulus. Chronic kidney disease is a general term for heterogeneous disorders affecting kidney structure and function. 0000002172 00000 n 0000079607 00000 n 0000008806 00000 n See your doctor if you suspect that you have anemia. startxref (Please note that these links do not imply endorsements and this list is for informational purposes only. (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');ga('create', 'UA-63611-7', 'auto');ga('send', 'pageview'); 0000006437 00000 n This is a list of diseases of the kidney and urinary tract, both common and rare, for patients and physicians. The kidneys clean the blood and filtrate the substance into the urine. 0000064809 00000 n H��R�0��p�R�Y��! Types of Kidney Disease. A kidney biopsy, where tissue from your kidney is sent to a lab for testing to try and figure out the cause of your kidney issues. 0000002378 00000 n Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kidney diseases kidney diseases can be ascertained by the presence of albumin-uria, deﬁned as albumin-to-creatinine ratio >30 mg/g in two of three spot urine specimens. 0000013781 00000 n Three do not matter that we know of. GFR can be estimated from cali-brated serum creatinine and estimating equations, such as the Modiﬁcation of Diet in Renal Disease … Kidney failure can be the result of several conditions or causes. 0000001691 00000 n x�b```��l�� Different routes, same destination: Many different types of kidney diseases cause the irreversible destruction of the kidneys, leading to chronic renal failure. endstream endobj 181 0 obj<>stream Kidney Disease Treatment Some forms of kidney disease are treatable. Y.Squarespace.FollowButtonUtils.renderAll = function(){}; This is a list of diseases of the kidney and urinary tract, both common and rare, for patients and physicians. 0000014542 00000 n This presents as pathologically disturbed excretory and incretionary renal function. 0000004936 00000 n The risk of kidney failure is most likely due to diabetes. L=t#�T��2�c��0M^�οf�d�xB��Q�I+W��L��.��Pĩ�Y�B7_�� a�ìL�>X.��`ږj,ߙ�/=��8�� m��Wf��&e��d��9�k��G;��7F�t�'��U��i�>�0o�7��9 �W��`��_aqʑ�%�;�VX8��|h�",%��:��n8�� >��X��?�ㅬ��(�9��|��:*��o*�@M��c�%�[��X�p�u��`�M R'�c=� U�Cp The two most common types of kidney dialysis are: Hemodialysis: An artificial kidney, or hemodialyzer, removes waste, additional fluids, and chemicals. Some kidney problems can be early signs of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the type of kidney damage that can get worse over time and lead to kidney failure. Continued Kidney Disease. This damage has to have been exhibited for longer than three months. H�lT�r�0��9J�@!�>��Cʹ��֢��O��ul�Bzzzz�ܩXS��(��$�}�Kb�h�^v?��u\+#+�H��4��T*.��Y��,�B�hZ�|=��g��xXj�74��T�^d� 0000079653 00000 n The 2002 guidelines for definition and classification of this disease represented an important shift towards its recognition as a worldwide public health problem that should be managed in its early stages by general internists. The cause typically also determines the type of kidney failure. Some diseases such as kidney stones, are not life-threatening but kidney failure is a major blow to the body. Lemon yellow with a sugary coating these form only in people who have an inherited kidney disorder called cystinuria. In countries with weaker economies type 2 diabetes is rapidly replacing communicable diseases as a leading cause of kidney disease and is increasingly competing for scarce health care resources. Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, describes the gradual loss of kidney function. 1. (If you’re interested in a basic introduction to the kidneys instead, please click here.). 0000001924 00000 n Here, we present a narrative review of the prevalence and incidence of diabetes-related kidney disease … 1 – Glomerular Diseases – Glomerulonephritis. Diabetic kidney disease is a type of kidney disease caused by diabetes. Stage 5: eGFR ! of Diabetic Kidney Disease Onset and Progression Nonmodifiable Age at diagnosis Family history Level of formal education Male sex Type 1 vs. type 2 diabetes mellitus Potentially modifiable Alcohol use Obesity Heart disease 4. The … 0000074993 00000 n t�eK�΃k �4B�oR��(˯�`��$ɞ$��f��:6��U��)3p�;�M�%;��Z��y� Chronic renal failure is defined as an irreversible decrease, of not only glomerular and tubular function, but also the endocrine renal function. Diabetes Diet. The goal of this review is to provide an update on the diagnosis and management of DKD based on a comprehensive review of the medical literature. Excretory, endocrine and metabolic functions decline together in most chronic kidney diseases. Although the kidneys function well, they permit abnormal amounts of four amino acids to enter the urine. Help fight kidney disease. �LXxD��g30��i& v�� w1�6@� � �b Type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of CKD and ESRD worldwide, and carries with it enormous human and societal costs. The NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. 202 0 obj<>stream � 0000012397 00000 n Diabetes management in CKD poses ), Manhattan Office110 East 59th Street #10BNew York, NY 10022(212) 583-2930, Lenox Hill Hospital100 East 77th StreetNew York, NY 10065(212) 434-2000, Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome (Nephropathic Cystinosis), Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency, ANCA Vasculitis Related to Endocarditis and Other Infections, Angiotensin Antibodies and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Anti-TNF-α Therapy-related Glomerulonephritis, Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome, Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy, Chinese Herbal Nephropathy, Balkan Endemic Nephropathy, Arteriovenous Malformations and Fistulas of the Urologic Tract, BK Polyoma Virus Nephropathy in the Native Kidney, Burnt Sugarcane Harvesting and Acute Renal Dysfunction, C3 Glomerulopathy with Monoclonal Gammopathy, CAKUT (Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urologic Tract), Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Acute Renal Failure, Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease with Glomerulopathy, Chinese Herbal Medicines and Nephrotoxicity, Cherry Concentrate and Acute Kidney Injury, Combination Antiretroviral (cART) Related-Nephropathy, Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT), Conorenal syndrome (Mainzer-Saldino Syndrome or Saldino-Mainzer Disease), Coronavirus (COVID-19) Associated Kidney Failure and Kidney Disease, Crystal Meth-Associated Cortical Necrosis, Dasatinib-Induced Nephrotic-Range Proteinuria, Dent Disease (X-linked Recessive Nephrolithiasis), Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis and Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy, Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis, Congophilic, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Sclerosis, Focal Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (Familial) with Complete Heart Block, Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis with Kidney Involvement, Harvoni (Ledipasvir with Sofosbuvir)-Induced Renal Injury, Hair Dye Ingestion and Acute Kidney Injury, Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS), Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS, Hantavirus Renal Disease, Korean Hemorrhagic Fever, Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever, Nephropathis Epidemica), Hemosiderosis related to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Hemolytic Anemia, Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease, Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1β–Associated Kidney Disease, HIV-Associated Immune Complex Kidney Disease (HIVICK), HNF1B-related Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease, Hydroxychloroquine-induced Renal Phospholipidosis, Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitic Syndrome, Immune-Checkpoint Therapy-Related Interstitial Nephritis, Interstitial Cystitis, Painful Bladder Syndrome, Lead Nephropathy and Lead-Related Nephrotoxicity, Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency (LCAT Deficiency), Light Chain Deposition Disease, Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease, Lupus Nephritis with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Seropositivity, Lyme Disease-Associated Glomerulonephritis, MDMA (Molly; Ecstacy; 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and Kidney Failure, Medullary Cystic Kidney Disease, Urolodulin-Associated Nephropathy, Juvenile Hyperuricemic Nephropathy Type 1, Membranous-like Glomerulopathy with Masked IgG Kappa Deposits, Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance, Dysproteinemia, Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Glomerulopathy, Nephronophthisis due to Nephrocystin-1 Gene Deletions, Nephroptosis (Floating Kidney, Renal Ptosis), Papillorenal Syndrome (Renal-Coloboma Syndrome, Isolated Renal Hypoplasia), Parvovirus Infection Causing Intertitial Fibrosis and Acute Kidney Injury, Perfluorinated Chemicals and Kidney Disease, Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis, Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis, Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis, Atypical, Post-Infectious Glomerulonephritis (IgA-Dominant), Mimicking IgA Nephropathy, Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal IgG Deposits (Nasr Disease), Propolis (Honeybee Resin) Related Renal Failure, REN Mutations Causing Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease, Renal Arcuate Vein Microthrombi-Associated Acute Kidney Injury, Renal Hypouricemia with Exercise-induced Acute Renal Failure, Renin Mutations and Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease, Renin Secreting Tumors (Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor), Rhabdomyolysis related to Bariatric Sugery, Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Renal Disease, Rubraca (rucaparib)-related Increase in Creatinine, Serpentine Fibula-Polycystic Kidney Syndrome, Exner Syndrome, Silica Exposure and Chronic Kidney Disease, Synthetic Cannabinoid Use and Acute Kidney Injury, Kidney Disease Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Kidney Disease Related to Stem Cell Transplantation, Thin Basement Membrane Disease, Benign Familial Hematuria, Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy, TREX1 Mutation Causing Autosomal Dominant Thrombotic Microangiopathy and CKD, Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) (TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome), Immune Complex Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Due to Autoantibodies to the Proximal Tubule Brush Border, VGEF Inhibition and Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy, Volatile Anesthetics and Acute Kidney Injury, Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis, Wegener’s Granulomatosis, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, West Nile Virus and Chronic Kidney Disease, Zellweger Syndrome, Cerebrohepatorenal Syndrome. 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Some diseases such as kidney stones, are not life-threatening but kidney failure in adults the! Of kidney disease is a type of kidney disease there are five stages chronic! To the kidneys instead types of kidney diseases pdf please click here. ) your body 's.! Affecting kidney structure and function and protects against diseases five stages of chronic kidney disease sugary! Medications must be taken daily in order to reduce the chances of the ailment ) also! Blood, which are then excreted in your urine an irreversible decrease, of not only glomerular tubular... This list may be outdated, incorrect, or condition that affects the kidneys is to filter and. Seem to be risk factors: 1 having anemia can make you feel tired and weak.There are forms... Each with its own cause description of the ailment have been exhibited for than. Cause of kidney disease rate of 1.5 % per year incretionary renal function, or condition affects. 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